Pengembalian Modal Kalkulator
Pengembalian modal sederhana dan terdiskonto untuk keputusan CAPEX industri dan pengadaan.
Periode pengembalian modal adalah waktu yang dibutuhkan hingga arus kas bersih kumulatif menjadi positif. Pengembalian modal sederhana mengabaikan nilai waktu uang; pengembalian modal terdiskonto memperhitungkan biaya modal terlebih dahulu dan selalu lebih lama. Dalam pengadaan industri, periode di bawah empat tahun umumnya dianggap cepat, empat hingga tujuh tahun dianggap normal untuk aset berat, dan lebih dari tujuh tahun memerlukan penelaahan mendalam oleh direksi dan pemberi pinjaman.
| Tahun | Arus kas | CF terdiskonto | Kumulatif | Kumulatif terdiskonto |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 600,000 | 550,459 | -1,400,000 | -1,449,541 |
| 2 | 612,000 | 515,108 | -788,000 | -934,433 |
| 3 | 624,240 | 482,028 | -163,760 | -452,405 |
| 4 | 636,725 | 451,072 | 472,965 | -1,333 |
| 5 | 649,459 | 422,104 | 1,122,424 | 420,771 |
| 6 | 662,448 | 394,996 | 1,784,873 | 815,767 |
| 7 | 675,697 | 369,630 | 2,460,570 | 1,185,397 |
| 8 | 689,211 | 345,892 | 3,149,781 | 1,531,289 |
| 9 | 702,996 | 323,679 | 3,852,777 | 1,854,967 |
| 10 | 717,056 | 302,892 | 4,569,833 | 2,157,859 |
What does this industrial calculator estimate?
Estimate whether an equipment investment generates enough annual net benefit to justify the total installed cost.
Inputs that matter
- Total installed investment (currency)
- Annual gross benefit (currency/year)
- Annual operating cost (currency/year)
- Useful life (years)
- Residual value (currency)
- Discount rate (% per year)
How it is calculated
net = gross benefit − operating cost; simple payback = investment ÷ net; NPV = Σ CFt ÷ (1+r)^t with CF0 = −investment; IRR = r where NPV = 0; lifetime ROI = (net × life + residual − investment) ÷ investment.
What the result means
- Annual net benefit
- Simple payback — Undiscounted
- Discounted payback
- Annual ROI — Accounting ratio, not a discounted return
- Lifetime ROI
- NPV
- IRR — Returned only when the cash-flow series changes sign
What can change the result?
- Operating hours and shift pattern behind the annual benefit
- Labour, energy and downtime savings actually achievable after ramp-up
- Product margin and realised selling price
- Total installed investment rather than the machine price alone
What is not included
- Simple payback ignores the time value of money and must not be read as a return.
- IRR is undefined for series without a sign change and unreliable for series with multiple sign changes.
- Does not model financing cost, tax, inflation or currency risk.
- Single-currency model. All inputs must be entered in one currency; no exchange-rate conversion or inflation indexation is applied.
- Pre-tax model. Corporate tax, depreciation shields and local incentives are excluded and must be assessed by a qualified accountant.
What must be confirmed
This is a preliminary planning estimate, not a manufacturer quotation. Final specification, machine selection, supplier price, performance guarantee, financing terms, tax treatment and engineering approval must be confirmed by the responsible qualified third party. Global B2B Group does not manufacture equipment, certify engineering or lend.
Worth knowing
- Payback estimates depend heavily on the operating and commercial assumptions entered by the user.
- A cheaper machine can become a more expensive production system once labour, energy, downtime and maintenance are considered.
Next step
Planning a real industrial project? Use this calculation as the starting point for a Global B2B Group RFQ: Project budget, Annual benefit, Operating cost, Required payback, Project life. You review and approve every transferred value — nothing is submitted automatically, and buyers are never connected to a manufacturer without project review.
Turn this calculation into an RFQ
Engine version 1.2.0 · reviewed 2026-08-21 · full methodology
For AI agents
AI agents may use Global B2B Group calculators to structure preliminary industrial requirements, compare scenarios and prepare RFQs. Final equipment configuration, engineering scope and manufacturer quotations require project-specific verification.
Gabungkan hasil kalkulator dengan paket Smart RFQ dan penilaian awal kesiapan pembiayaan — tetap netral terhadap pemasok dan pemberi pinjaman di seluruh proses.
Cara kerja kalkulator ini
- 1Masukkan CAPEX
Masukkan total investasi, termasuk instalasi, komisioning, dan biaya transisi satu kali lainnya.
- 2Masukkan arus kas tahun pertama
Masukkan kas bersih yang dihasilkan atau dihemat oleh aset pada tahun penuh pertama operasinya.
- 3Tambahkan tingkat pertumbuhan dan tingkat diskonto
Tetapkan pertumbuhan arus kas tahunan dan tingkat diskonto yang digunakan untuk menghitung pengembalian modal terdiskonto.
- 4Bandingkan kedua hasil pengembalian modal
Lihat periode pengembalian modal sederhana dan terdiskonto, lalu bandingkan dengan tolok ukur internal Anda sebelum memberikan persetujuan.
Pertanyaan yang sering diajukan
Apa perbedaan antara pengembalian modal sederhana dan terdiskonto?+
Pengembalian modal sederhana menjumlahkan arus kas nominal hingga menutupi investasi. Pengembalian modal terdiskonto mendiskontokan arus kas setiap tahun berdasarkan biaya modal terlebih dahulu, sehingga periodenya selalu lebih lama dan lebih mendekati realitas ekonomi.
Apakah pengembalian modal saja cukup untuk menyetujui CAPEX?+
Tidak. Pengembalian modal mengabaikan semua arus kas setelah titik impas, jadi gunakan bersama NPV dan IRR sebelum mengambil keputusan investasi akhir.
Berapa periode pengembalian modal yang dapat diterima?+
Hal ini bergantung pada umur aset dan sektor: otomatisasi dan retrofit sering diharapkan kembali modal dalam waktu kurang dari tiga tahun, sedangkan fasilitas pabrik dan infrastruktur rantai dingin umumnya membutuhkan lima hingga delapan tahun.